Hydrotherapy , formerly called hydropathy and also called water healing , is part of alternative medicine, particularly naturopathy, occupational therapy and physiotherapy, which involves the use of water for pain relief and treatment. The term covers a variety of therapeutic approaches and methods that utilize the physical properties of water, such as temperature and pressure, for therapeutic purposes, to stimulate blood circulation and treat certain disease symptoms.
Various therapies used in hydrotherapy currently use water jets, underwater massage and mineral baths (eg balneotherapy, Iodine-Grine therapy, Kneipp treatments, Scotch hose, Swiss bath, thalassotherapy) or whirlpool tubs, hot Roman baths, heat, jacuzzi, cold bath and mineral bath.
Video Hydrotherapy
Usage
Water therapy can be limited to use as an aquatic therapy, a form of physical therapy, and as a cleansing agent. However, it is also used as a medium for heat and cold delivery to the body, which has long been the basis of its application. Hydrotherapy involves a variety of methods and techniques, many of which use water as a medium to facilitate thermoregulation reactions for therapeutic benefits.
Hydrotherapy is used in addition to therapy, including in nursing, where its use is now long established. It continues to be widely used for burn care, although shower-based hydrotherapy techniques have been increasingly used in preference for full immersion methods, partly for ease of cleaning equipment and reducing infection due to contamination. When tissue removal is required for wound treatment, hydrotherapy which performs selective mechanical debridement may be used. Examples include directional irrigation and therapeutic irrigation by suction.
Hydrotherapy practitioners may seek to use it to produce vasodilation and vasoconstriction. This leads to changes in blood flow and associated metabolic functions, through physiological mechanisms, including those thermoregulated, which today are sufficiently understood, and that support the contemporary use of hydrotherapy.
One form of water therapy, which is supported by some advocates of alternative medicine, is full water consumption on awakening to "cleanse the intestines". One liter into one half liter is the usual amount digested. This water therapy, also known as Indian Water Treatment, China, or Japan, is claimed to have various health benefits, or at least no side effects. Water therapy advocates claim that the application of water therapy will initially lead to some bowel movements until the body adjusts to an increase in the amount of fluid. When ingesting about one and a half liters of water is generally considered harmless, excessive water consumption can lead to water intoxication, an urgent and dangerous medical condition.
Maps Hydrotherapy
Technique
Equipment and arrangements in a hot and cold manner are brought to bear are (a) packing, hot and cold, general and local, sweating and cooling; (b) hot and steam hot baths; (c) public baths, hot and cold water; (d) sitz bath (sitting), spine, head and legs; (e) sanitary napkins (or compresses), wet and dry; also (f) fomentations and poultices, heat and cold, synapses, stupes, rubbings and water potations, hot and cold.
Hydrotherapy that involves drowning all or part of the body in water may involve several types of equipment:
- Full body immersion tank ("Hubbard tank" is large)
- Arms, hips, and leg swirl
The swirling water movement, provided by mechanical pumps, has been used in water tanks since at least the 1940s. Similar technology has been marketed for recreational use under the terms "hot tub" or "spa".
In some cases, whirlpool baths are not used to manage wounds because the whirlpool will not selectively target the tissue to be removed and can damage all networks. The whirlpool also creates the risk of unwanted bacterial infections, can damage the fragile body tissues, and in the case of treating the arms and legs, carries the risk of complications from edema.
History
The use of therapeutic water has been recorded in ancient Egyptian, Greek and Roman civilizations. Egyptian royalty was bathed with essential oils and flowers, while Rome had communal public baths for their citizens. Hippocrates is prescribed bathing in springs for disease. Other cultures noted for the long history of hydrotherapy including China and Japan, the latter mainly centered around the Japanese hot springs or "onsen". Much of history precedes the Roman thermae.
The rise of modern hydrotherapy
An important note about the growth of hydropathy is that it begins to stand out because traditional medical practices are becoming more professional in terms of how doctors operate, alienating many patients, because they feel that medical meetings are becoming less personal, and the more scientific the medical language becomes, the less that can they understand easily. Hydropathy returns to a spiritual and natural treatment, making it more suitable for those who feel uncomfortable with the direction taken by traditional medicine.
The general idea behind hydropathy during the 1800s was to be able to induce something called crisis. The idea is that water attacks every crack, wound, or imperfection on the skin, filled with impure fluid. health is regarded as the body's natural state, and fills these spaces with pure water, will flush out the discharge, which will rise to the surface of the skin, producing pus. This emergence of pus is called a crisis, and is achieved through many methods. These methods include techniques such as sweats, baths soaking, half bath, shower head, sit-down bath, and douche bath. All of this is a way to gently expose patients to cold water in different ways.
Two English works on the medical use of water published in the 18th century which inaugurated a new fashion for hydrotherapy. One was by Sir John Floyer, a physician from Lichfield, who, under attack by the use of certain water repairs by neighboring peasants, investigated the history of cold baths and published a book on the subject in 1702. The book goes through six editions in several the year and translation of this book into German was largely taken by Dr. JS Hahn of Silesia as the basis for his book entitled On the Healing Benevolence of Cold Water, Entered Inside and Outside, as Proven by Experience , published in 1738.
Another work was the publication of 1797 by Dr James Currie of Liverpool on the use of hot and cold water in the treatment of fever and other illnesses, with a fourth edition published in 1805, shortly before his death. It was also translated into German by Michaelis (1801) and Hegewisch (1807). It was very popular and first put the subject on a scientific basis. Hahn's writings meanwhile have created a lot of enthusiasm among his compatriots, a society that has been established everywhere to promote the use of medicines and food from water; and at 1804 Professor E. F.C. Oertel from Anspach republished and accelerated the popular movement with compliments that did not qualify drinking water as a cure for all illnesses.
Vincent Preissnitz (1799-1851)
Vincent Preissnitz was the son of a peasant farmer who, as a boy, watched the wounded deer bathing the wound in a pond near his home. For several days, he will see the return of the deer and finally the wound healed. Later as a teenager, Preissnitz attended a horse-drawn carriage, when the train crashed into her, breaking her three ribs. A doctor tells him that they will never recover. Preissnitz decided to try his own hand to heal himself, and wrapped his wound with a wet bandage. With every day changing bandages and drinking large amounts of water, after about a year, his broken ribs have healed. Preissnitz quickly gained fame in his hometown and became a consulted physician.
Later, Preissnitz became head of the hydropathic clinic at GrÃÆ'¤fenberg in 1826. He was very successful and in 1840, he had 1600 patients in his clinic including many of his fellow doctors, as well as important political figures such as nobles and prominent. military officials. The duration of care at the Preissnitz clinic varies. Much of his theory is about pushing the crisis mentioned above, which can happen quickly, or it can happen after three to four years. In keeping with the simple nature of hydropathy, most treatments are based on a simple lifestyle. These lifestyle adjustments include dietary changes such as eating only very rough foods, such as beef jerky and bread, and of course drinking large quantities of water. Preissnitz's treatment also includes many less weighty sports, most of which include walking. Eventually, Preissnitz's clinic was very successful, and he gained fame throughout the western world. Its practice even affects hydropathy rooted abroad in America. Sebastian Kneipp (1821-1897)
Sebastian Kneipp was born in Germany and he considers his own role in hydropathy is to continue Preissnitz's work. Kneipp's own hydropathic practice is even softer than the norm. He believes that typical hydropathic practices deployed are "too hard or too frequent" and he expressed concern that the technique would cause emotional or physical trauma to the patient. Kneipp's exercise is more holistic than Preissnitz, and his practice not only cures the patient's physical pain, but also emotional and mental. He introduced four additional principles for therapy: medicinal herbs, massage, balanced nutrition, and "regulative therapy to seek inner balance". Kneipp has a very simple view of a simple practice. For him, the main purpose of hydropathy strengthens the constitution and removes toxins and toxins in the body. A basic interpretation of how hydropathy works suggests a lack of medical training. However, Kneipp does have a very successful medical practice, though perhaps due to lack of medical training. As mentioned above, some patients begin to feel uncomfortable with traditional doctors because of the elitism of the medical profession. New terms and techniques used by doctors are difficult for most people to understand. Due to lack of formal training, all of his published instructions and works are described in a language that is easy to understand and would seem particularly appealing to a patient unhappy with the direction taken by traditional medicine.
A significant factor in hydrotherapy revival is that it can be done relatively cheaply at home. The growth of hydrotherapy (or 'hydropathy' to use the time name), thus partially derives from two interacting spheres: "hydro and home".
Hydrotherapy as an official medical device originated from about 1829 when Vincenz Priessnitz (1799-1851), a farmer from GrÃÆ'¤fenberg in Silesia, then part of the Austrian Empire, began his public career at the paternal homestead, extended to accommodate the more attracted by his drug fame.
In GrÃÆ'¤fenberg, where Priessnitz's fame attracts people from every rank and many countries, the medical people are striking with their numbers, some are intrigued by curiosity, others by the desire of knowledge, but the majority by the hope of healing for illnesses yet proved incurable. Many of the experiences in GrÃÆ'¤fenberg were published, all of which were more or less favorable to Priessnitz's claims, and some enthusiastic in estimating genius and penetration.
Hydrotherapy spreading
Captain RT Claridge was responsible for introducing and promoting hydropathy in England, first in London in 1842, then with a lecture tour in Ireland and Scotland in 1843. His 10-week tour in Ireland included Limerick, Cork, Wexford, Dublin and Belfast, during June, July and August 1843, with the next two lectures in Glasgow.
Some other Englishmen precede Claridge to Graefenberg, though not many. One of them is Dr James Wilson, who himself, along with Dr James Manby Gully, founded and operated the water healing establishment at Malvern in 1842. In 1843, Wilson and Gully published a comparison of the efficacy of water treatment with medicines, including accounts of several cases who were treated at Malvern, combined with their Cure Air Healing prospectus. Then in 1846 Gully published The Water Cure in Chronic Disease , which further explained the treatments available at the clinic.
The notoriety of the formation of a water drug developed, and Gully and Wilson became famous national figures. Two more clinics were opened in Malvern. Notable patients include Charles Darwin, Charles Dickens, Thomas Carlyle, Florence Nightingale, Lord Tennyson and Samuel Wilberforce. With his fame he also drew criticism: Sir Charles Hastings, a physician and founder of the British Medical Association, is an outspoken critic of hydropathy, and in particular Gully.
From the 1840s, hydropathics was established throughout the UK. Initially, many of them were small institutions, serving at most dozens of patients. By the late nineteenth century the typical formation of hydropathy had evolved into a more substantial effort, with thousands of patients being treated annually for weeks at a time in large buildings built with luxurious facilities - baths, recreation spaces and the like - under the supervision of practitioners and fully trained and qualified medical staff.
In Germany, France and America, and in Malvern, England, hydropathy companies are growing rapidly. Antagonism ran high between old and new practices. Uncomplicated dissatisfaction stacked by one another; and prosecution, leading to a royal investigation commission, served but made Priessnitz and its system stand higher in public estimates.
Increased popularity soon reduces warnings as to whether new methods will help minor ailments and benefit the more seriously injured. Hydropathy experts occupy themselves primarily by studying chronic disabilities that are able to withstand strict regimens and the severity of the infinite crisis. The need for radical adaptation to the class was previously first recognized by John Smedley, a Derbyshire producer, who, impressed upon himself with the severity and benefits of cold water medicine, was practiced among lighter workers form hydropathy, and began around 1852 a new era in its history , was founded in Matlock, a partner of the establishment at GrÃÆ'¤fenberg.
Ernst Brand (1827-1897) of Berlin, Raljen and Theodor von JÃÆ'¼rgensen of Kiel, and Karl Liebermeister of Basel, between 1860 and 1870, employed a cooling bath in typhoid stature with striking results, and led to an introduction to England by Dr Wilson Fox. In the French-German War, cooling baths were mostly used, along with quinine; and it is used in the treatment of hyperpyrexia.
Hot springs
Hydrotherapy, especially as promoted during the peak of its awakening in Victoria, is often associated with the use of cold water, as evidenced by the many titles of that era. However, not all therapists limit their hydrotherapy practices with cold water, even during the height of this popular revival.
The particular use of the heat is however often associated with Turkish baths. It was introduced by David Urquhart to England on his return from the East in the 1850s, and was adopted by Richard Barter. Turkish baths are becoming public institutions, and, with the tubs and the general practice of drinking water, are the most important of the many contributions by hydropathy to public health.
Spreads to the United States
The first US hydropathic facility was founded by Joel Shew and R. T. Trall in the 1840s. Dr. Charles Munde also set up an early hydrotherapy facility in the 1850s. Trall also edited the Water Cure Journal .
In 1850, it was said that "there may be over a hundred" facilities, along with many books and magazines, including the New York Water Cure Journal, which has "reached the circulation level equaled by several months in the world". In 1855, there was an attempt by some to weigh the evidence of care in fashion at the time.
After the introduction of hydrotherapy to the US, John Harvey Kellogg used it in the Battle Creek Sanitarium, which opened in 1866, where he sought to improve the scientific foundation for hydrotherapy. Other prominent hydropathic centers of the era included the Cleveland Air Spout Establishment, founded in 1848, which operated successfully for two decades, before being sold to an organization that turned it into an orphanage.
At its peak, there are more than 200 water treatment plants in the United States, mostly located in the northeast. Some of this goes on until the years after childbirth, though some survived into the 20th century including institutions in Scott (Cortland County), Elmira, Clifton Springs and Dansville. Although nothing is located in Jefferson County, Oswego Water Cure operates in the town of Oswego.
Next development
In November 1881, the British Medical Journal noted that hydropathy is a specific example, or "special case", of general principles of thermodynamics. That is, "the application of heat and cold in general", because it applies to physiology, mediated by hydropathy. In 1883, another author stated, â € Å"No, it should be observed, that hydropathy is water treatment, but water is the medium for hot and cold applications to the bodyâ €.
Hydrotherapy is used to treat people with mental illness in the 19th and 20th centuries and before World War II, various forms of hydrotherapy are used to treat alcoholism. The basic text of the Alcoholics Anonymous fellowship, Alcoholics Anonymous , reports that A.A. co-founder Bill Wilson was treated by hydrotherapy for alcoholism in the early 1930s.
Latest techniques
Cryotherapy, cold water immersion or ice bath is a new form of hydrotherapy used by physical therapists, sports medicine facilities and rehabilitation clinics. Proponents suggest that it results in increased returns to blood flow and by-products from cellular damage to more efficient lymphatic and recycling systems.
Alternating temperatures, either in the bathroom or a complementary tank, combine the use of heat and cold in the same session. Proponents claim an increase in the circulatory system and lymphatic drainage. Experimental evidence suggests that contrast hydrotherapy helps reduce injury in the acute stage by stimulating blood flow and reducing swelling.
Society and culture
The growth of hydrotherapy, and various forms of hydropathic companies, results in a form of tourism, both in the UK, and in Europe. At least one book listed in English, Scottish, Irish and European is suitable for each particular disease, while others focus primarily on German spas and hydropathic companies, but include other areas. While many bath companies are open all year, doctors advise patients not to leave before May, "or will not remain after October British visitors prefer cold weather, and they often come to bathe in May, and come back in September. come during the whole season, but prefer summer, the most fashionable and crowded time is during July and August ". In Europe, interest in various forms of hydrotherapy and spa tourism continued into the 19th century and into the 20th century, where "in France, Italy and Germany, several million people spend every year at the spa." In 1891, when Mark Twain traveled around Europe and discovered that the spring baths in Aix-les-Bains soothed his rheumatism, he described the experience as "it's great that if I did not have the disease, I would borrow one just to have a reason to continue".
This is not the first time the forms of spa tourism have been popular in Europe and the UK. Indeed,
in Europe, the application of water in the treatment of fever and other diseases, since the seventeenth century, has been consistently promoted by a number of medical writers. In the 18th century, going to the water became fashionable entertainment for wealthy classes who were pressed into resorts around Britain and Europe to cure excessive consumption diseases. In the main part, treatments in the heyday of the British spa consist of taste and friendliness: promenading, bathing, and recurrent quaffing of contaminated mineral water.
Hydropathic formation is the place where people receive hydropathic treatment. They are generally built in spa cities, where mineral-rich water or hot water occurs naturally.
Several hydropathic institutions completely diverted their operations from therapeutic destinations into tourist hotels in the late 20th century while retaining the name 'Hydro'. There are some outstanding examples in Scotland in Crieff, Peebles, and Seamill among others.
For animals
Canine hydrotherapy is a form of hydrotherapy that is directed at treating chronic conditions, postoperative recovery, and preoperative or general fitness in dogs.
See also
Note
References
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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