Whale oil is the oil obtained from whale fat. Whale oil is sometimes known as rail oil , derived from the Dutch word traan ("tears" or "drop").
Sperm oil, a special kind of oil obtained from the sperm whale head sockets, is chemically different from ordinary whale oil: it consists mostly of liquid wax. The properties and applications are different from ordinary whale oils, and are sold at a higher price when marketed.
Video Whale oil
Sources and use
Early industrial societies used whale oil extensively in oil lamps and made soap and margarine. With the commercial development of the petroleum and vegetable oil industry, the use of whale oil dropped dramatically from its peak in the 19th century to the 20th century. In the 21st century, with most countries having banned whaling, the sale and use of whale oil has practically stopped.
Whale oil is obtained by boiling a strip of fat harvested from a whale. This abolition is known as "flensing" and the boiling process is called "try". Boiling is done on land in the case of whales caught near the beach or on the beach. On longer-term deep-sea whaling expeditions, trials are conducted on ships, so that trash cans are disposed to make room for the next catch.
Bale whales are generally the main source of whale oil. Baleen whale oil is exclusively composed of triglycerides, while toothed whales contain wax esters. Bowhead whales and right whales are considered ideal targets for whaling. They are slow and tame, and they float when killed. They produce a lot of high quality oil and whalebones, and as a result, they are hunted for extinction.
Maps Whale oil
Chemistry
Whale oil has a low viscosity (lower than olive oil), clear, and varies in color from light yellow to dark brown honey, in accordance with the extracted fat conditions and the improvements it undergoes. It has a strong fishy smell. When hydrogenated, it turns into solid and white and changes taste and smell.
Whale oil composition varies with species sourced and the methods used to harvest and process. Whale oil consists primarily of triglycerides (fatty acid molecules attached to glycerol molecules). Oil derived from toothed whales contains large amounts of wax esters (especially sperm oil). Most of the unsaturated fatty acids. The most common fatty acids are oleic acid and its isomers (18: 1 carbon chains).
Whale oil is very stable.
Apps
The use of whale oil experienced a steady decline beginning in the late 19th century due to the development of a superior alternative, and then, the passage of environmental legislation. In 1986, the International Whaling Commission announced a moratorium on commercial whaling, all of which has eliminated the use of whale oil today. The Inuit tribe of North America is granted special whaling rights (justified as part of their culture), and they still use whale oil as food and as lamp oil. See Aboriginal whales hunt.
Whale oil is used as a cheap light, although it emits a strong odor when burned and is not very popular. It was replaced at the end of the 19th century by cheaper, more efficient, and durable kerosene. The combustion fluid known as camphine is the dominant substitute for whale oil until kerosene comes.
In the US, whale oil is used in automobiles as an automatic transmission fluid constituent until it is banned by the 1973 Endangered Species Act.
In the UK, whale oil is used in machine tools as a high quality lubricant
After the discovery of hydrogenation in the early 20th century, whale oil was used to make margarine, a practice that has since been discontinued. Whale oil in margarine has been replaced by vegetable oil.
Whale oil is used to make soap. Until the discovery of hydrogenation, it was only used in industrial grade cleaners, because the stench and the blackening tendency made it unsuitable for cosmetic soaps.
Gallery
- In literature, fiction, and memoirs
The pursuit and use of whale oil, along with many other aspects of whaling, is discussed in Herman Melville Moby-Dick . In this novel, the importance of substance for contemporary American society is emphasized when fictitious narrators note that whale oil is "rare like queen milk." John R. Jewitt, an Englishman who wrote memoirs of his years as a captive of the Nootka people in the Northwest Pacific Coast in 1802-1805, explains how whale oil is used as a spice with every dish, even strawberries.
Friedrich Ratzel in The History of Mankind (1896), when discussing foodstuffs in Oceania, quotes Captain James Cook's comments in relation to "Maoris" which says "There is no Greenlander so sharp to the oil-trains as our friends here, they greedily gobbled up the rotten dirt as we boiled the fat of the fish. "
Dunwall, the port city in Dishonored video games (2012) and Dishonored 2 (2016), uses supernaturally enhanced whale oil as the basis for its industrial revolution.
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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