Tea tree oil , also known as melaleuca oil or ti oil tree , is an essential oil with the smell of mothballs and colors ranging from pale yolks to almost colorless and clear. From tea tree leaves, Melaleuca alternifolia , native to Southeast Queensland and northeast coast of New South Wales, Australia.
Tea tree oil is poisonous when taken. Although there is little evidence of efficacy, it is usually used in low concentrations as a traditional remedy for skin care business. Tea tree oil is claimed to be useful for treating dandruff, acne, ticks, herpes, insect bites, scabies, and skin fungus or bacterial infection. However, the quality of evidence for success in these conditions is minimal. Tea tree oil is not a patented product or approved medication.
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Usage
Tea tree oil has been used in traditional medicine with the belief it treats acne, nail fungus, or athlete's foot, with little evidence to support this use. In a systematic review of Cochrane 2015, the only trial comparing it with placebo for acne found evidence of low-quality benefits.
Tea tree oil is not recommended for treating nail fungus, as evidence of its effectiveness is weak, and does not suggest it would outperform conventional treatments. It is not advisable to treat lice in children because the safety has not been established and may cause skin irritation or allergic reactions.
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Security
Tea tree oil is poisonous if consumed internally. It can cause drowsiness, confusion, hallucinations, coma, gait, weakness, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, blood cell abnormalities, and a severe rash. It should be kept away from pets and children. Tea tree oil should not be used inside or around the mouth. As toxicity test with oral intake, median lethal dose (LD50) in mice was 1.9-2.4 ml/kg.
A 2006 review of the tea tree oil toxicity concluded that it could be used externally in its dilute form by the majority of individuals without adverse effects (as long as oxidation is avoided). Application of tea tree oil topically can cause adverse reactions at high concentrations. Side effects include skin irritation, allergic contact dermatitis, systemic contact dermatitis, A linear immunoglobulin A disease, erythema multiforme-like reactions, and systemic hypersensitivity reactions. Allergic reactions may be due to various oxidation products formed by exposure to light and/or air. As a result, oxidized tea tree oil should not be used.
Composition and characteristics
Tea tree oil is defined by International Standard ISO 4730 ("Melaleuca Oil , terpinen-4-ol type"), containing 4-ol? -terpinene, and? -presinene as about 70% to 90% of the whole oil, while? -cymene, terpinolene ,? -terpineol, and? -pinene collectively account for about 15% of the oil (table, right). Oil has been described to have a smell like fresh chalk.
Tea tree oil products can contain a variety of chemical combinations containing more than 98 compounds, with 4-ol-terpinen as the main component. Adverse reactions are reduced with a lower 1.8-cineole content.
History and extraction
The name of the tea tree is used for some plants, mostly from Australia and New Zealand, from the Myrtaceae family, associated with myrtle. The use of the name probably comes from Captain James Cook's description of one of these shrubs he used to make intravenous infusions on the tea.
The commercial tea tree oil industry originated in the 1920s when Arthur Penfold, an Australian, investigated the business potential of a number of genuine extracted oils; he reports that tea tree oil has promise, as it exhibits antiseptic properties.
Tea tree oil was first extracted from Melaleuca alternifolia in Australia, and this species remains the most commercially important. In the 1970s and 1980s, commercial plantations began to produce large amounts of tea tree oil from the Melaleuca alternifolia . Many of these plantations are located in New South Wales. Since the 1970s and 80s, the industry has grown to include several other species for extracted oil: Melaleuca armillaris and Melaleuca styphelioides in Tunisia and Egypt; Melaleuca leucadendra in Egypt, Malaysia and Vietnam; Melaleuca acuminata in Tunisia; Melaleuca ericifolia in Egypt; and Melaleuca quinquenervia in the United States. Similar oils can also be produced by distillation of water from Melaleuca linariifolia and Melaleuca dissitiflora . While the availability and properties of tea tree oil that are not available - if proven to be effective - are particularly suitable for diseases such as scabies that affect poor people disproportionately, the same characteristics diminish the company's interest in its development and validation.
Other animals
In dogs and cats, death or signs of toxicity (lasting 2 to 3 days), such as depression, weakness, lack of coordination and muscle tremor, have been reported after external application at high doses.
Research
A 2008 article from the American Cancer Society states that "despite years of use, the available clinical evidence does not support the effectiveness of tea tree oil to treat skin problems and infection in humans." Other uses under initial research include applications for nail fungus, dandruff, acne, scabies, and athlete's foot, but the evidence is limited. A 2012 review of head lighter treatment is recommended against the use of tea tree oil in children because it can cause skin irritation or allergic reactions, and because of a lack of knowledge about safety and effectiveness.
See also
- Cajeput oil - derived from Melaleuca leucadendra
References
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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